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| Preamble
Academic knowledge and rapid technical advancement during the era of globalization has caused tremendous changes in the national and international social and economical spheres. These changes necessitate revision of the national education curriculum which is a fundamental mechanism for the development of national education quality. The ultimate goals are to foster morality, intellectual development, happiness, competitive potential, and creative/ positive competition in the world arena. The monitoring, assessment and researches conducted by the Department of Curriculum and Instruction Development have made apparent some limitations and weaknesses in the current Curriculum B.E. 2521 (revised B.E. 2533) at primary and secondary grades which have been implemented during the last 10 years. These are as below:- 1. The formulation of curriculum by central authorities does not reflect or respond to the needs of education institutions and provincial society; 2. Curriculum and learning development in mathematics, science and technologies fail to build up leaders in these fields. This necessitates the improvement of teaching and learning procedures in order to build up skills, creativity, and the right attitude among Thai people; 3. The application of curriculum fails to foster the foundations of critical thinking, to create learning procedures in life skills and management, and to enable learners to effectively tackle fast changes in the social and economic areas; 4. Foreign languages learning, especially in the English language fails to build up competencies in using languages for communication and seeking knowledge from various and extensive resource centres in the Information Age; The Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, B.E. 2540 stipulates that all Thai people have an equal right to receive free basic education of good quality, of not less than twelve years. The State shall encourage participation from local authorities and communities in the management of education and training. Subsequently the National Education Act B.E.2542 defines education as a learning processes that accelerates the prosperous growth of individuals and society. Such development is achieved through the transference of knowledge, training, the preservation of culture, the creation of academic advancement and knowledge, the promotion of the effective management of the learning environment, and the support of lifelong education. The ultimate aims of education are to transform Thai citizens into perfect human beings, having good health, wholesome minds, intelligence, knowledge, morality, good behavior and cultural life. The State shall provide opportunities for society to participate in education management, and developing the content and procedure of sustainable learning. Moreover, the National Education Act stipulates the formulation of a basic curriculum to foster Thai-ness, good citizenship, competency in life skills, careers, and opportunities to further education. Basic education institutions shall be assigned the responsibility to form their own basic education curricula to reflect local and community problems, and local wisdom, to establish a desirable quality of good members of family, community, society and the country. The National Education Act stipulates 9 years for compulsory education. Based on the State๛s vision which confirms education policy in building up quality manpower, creating jobs to redeem the economy and social crisis, establishing sustainable national security, strengthening the nation through Basic Education Curriculum B.E. 2544 (A.D. 2001) 3 education, revising the education infrastructure and systems, emphasizing quality, effectiveness and equality, applying education technology, having a firm belief in education for creating manpower, integrating education, religion and culture in learning reformation and national education policy for creating jobs, assuring knowledge and career for the youth, the Ministry of Education, by virtue of section 74 of the National Education Act B.E.2542, consider appropriate to formulate Basic Education Curriculum B.E.2544. The Curriculum shall be based on ็unity in policy and diversity in practice้. There shall be a twelve-year core curriculum which is flexible, providing substance, learning standards for each group of subjects, for each grade, which covers 3 years. The core curriculum shall include only subjects required for improving the quality of Thai life, good citizenship, life skills, careers, and further education. Educational institutions shall be responsible for providing details for each academic year or semester, to make them relevant to community๛s and society๛s problems and intellectual output as well as desirable goals. Learners shall be good members of the family, community, society and the country. Consideration shall also be given to the relevancy to each group of learners๛ potential, aptitude and interest. Education management emphasizes the importance of knowledge, thought, capability, morality, learning processes and social responsibility. The aims are to foster the well balanced development of each individual as learner is the most important. Every one is capable of learning and self-development, learners shall be encouraged to develop themselves in line with their natural inclinations, and to fully realise their own potential. The following subjects are considered very important: - i.e. knowledge about self, relationship between self and society, family, community, country and the world; Thai society historical development, political system, democratic government and monarchy under constitution; science and technology knowledge and skills; knowledge, and sustainable experience in management, preservation and utilization of natural resources and environment; knowledge about religion, art, culture, sports, Thai Basic Education Curriculum B.E. 2544 (A.D. 2001) 4 wisdom and their application; knowledge and skills in mathematics; languages and their application, in particular Thai language; knowledge and skills in careers; knowledge and skills in leading a happy life. Educational institutions are responsible for administering learning development which emphasizes thinking processes, management and confronting real situations and the application of knowledge for preventing and solving problems; organizing activities to enable learning from actual experience; arranging practical exercises to enhance skills in doing, critical thinking and satisfactory achievement; fostering reading habits, the thirst and continuous search for knowledge, inculcating skills for a well balanced integration of all subjects; facilitating learning processes to enable learners to be all round knowledgeable and training in application of research procedures as part of learning processes. For all these activities, consideration shall be given to the differences among learners. Attempts must be made for learning at any time, in any place. Learning outputs and experience can be equated at all education systems. In addition, to achieve the ultimate goals of basic education, educational institutions must co-ordinate and co-operate with parents and members of the community in a continuous attempt to ensure sustainable quality. Moreover, it is necessary for the Ministry of Education to promote and strengthen learning resources centres, both within and outside educational institutions, to make sure of the availability of all kinds of learning materials required for all subjects in the curriculum, and for development to universality. Towards these ends, the Ministry of Education shall produce documents related to the curriculum:- e.g. manuals for application of the curriculum, guidelines for adaptation of the curriculum in response to the needs and requirements of each educational institution, teacher manuals, documents related to each group of subjects, guidelines for measurement and assessment, management of guidance systems, research and applications of research outcomes to improve learning practice. Public relations documentation for the general public, parents, and learners shall be published and distributed. Such documents are to create understanding and awareness of their roles in the development of selves as well as of the society. |
เอกสาร : 491.pdf |
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โดย: งาน: งานนโยบายและแผน อ้างอิงแผนงาน : - อ้างอิงโครงการ : - แหล่งที่มา: Ministry of Education |
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